Renal Tubular Acidosis

From: http://www.anaesthesiamcq.com/AcidBaseBook/ab8_5.php

The table below provides a useful summary of some of the key points in differentiating the types of renal tubular acidosis.

Comparison of Major Types of RTA
	Type 1	Type 2	Type 4
Hyperchloraemic acidosis	Yes	Yes	Yes
Minimum Urine pH	>5.5	<5.5 (but usually >5.5 before the acidosis becomes established)	<5.5
Plasma potassium	Low-normal	Low-normal	High
Renal stones	Yes	No	No
Defect	Reduced H+excretion in distal tubule	Impaired HCO3reabsorption in proximal tubule	Impaired cation exchange in distal tubule